THE GROWING body of research on the gut-skin axis and human microbiome has sparked increasing interest in microbiome-modulatory agents as potential treatments for acne vulgaris. In a recently published review, scientists explored the therapeutic promise of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, both as standalone treatments and adjuncts to conventional therapies. Acne vulgaris has long been treated with topical and systemic antibiotics, but these methods can carry side effects that may limit long-term adherence. The emerging field of microbiome modulation offers an intriguing alternative that could mitigate these drawbacks while improving patient outcomes.
Current studies suggest that acne severity may be linked to the over-colonization of Cutibacterium acnes, bacteria often found on the skin. While some evidence supports targeting the skin microbiome to reduce acne, much of the research remains in its early stages, relying heavily on in vitro studies, animal models, and small clinical trials. Larger, more robust studies are needed to confirm the effectiveness of microbiome-modulating treatments for acne.
Probiotics and their potential use in acne therapy are garnering attention for their ability to reduce inflammation and restore microbial balance. However, the diverse range of microbiome-modulating products available presents challenges in determining which components are truly effective. Furthermore, these products often contain multiple ingredients, complicating efforts to isolate the specific beneficial compounds or potential adverse effects.
While topical and oral probiotics show promise in early trials, their full potential remains under investigation. The interplay between endogenous factors, such as hormones, genetics, and diet, and external factors, including environmental exposures, must also be considered in the development of targeted microbiome-based acne therapies. Researchers are calling for a deeper examination of other microbial species potentially involved in acne pathogenesis.
In conclusion, while microbiome-modulating therapies offer an exciting new avenue for treating acne, more research is essential before these treatments can be widely implemented in clinical practice. A shift toward understanding the complexities of the microbiome could revolutionize acne care and provide more tailored, effective treatments for patients.
Reference:
Searle T et al. Modulation of the microbiome: a paradigm shift in the treatment of acne. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2025:llaf328.
