CIRRHOSIS is a chronic, progressive disease of major prevalence, contributing significantly to patient morbidity and mortality. For individuals with end-stage liver disease, transplantation remains the only definitive treatment. However, patients awaiting transplant often experience severe physical deconditioning, which can compromise both eligibility and outcomes. Non-pharmacological strategies such as exercise are increasingly considered, yet evidence on their safety and efficacy in cirrhosis has been limited.
This study explored the impact of a 12-week resistance training programme on inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, physical performance and quality of life in patients with liver cirrhosis. The findings demonstrated notable improvements across several domains without adverse effects.
At baseline, patients showed heightened inflammation and oxidative stress, hallmarks of cirrhosis progression. Following the intervention, a trend was observed towards reduced tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and increased interleukin-10 (IL-10), suggesting a shift to a less inflammatory state. Oxidative stress markers also improved, supporting the hypothesis that exercise mitigates redox imbalance and contributes to better systemic function.
Physical benefits were also evident. Handgrip strength improved significantly in the exercise group, while it declined in controls. Cardiorespiratory capacity and performance in the six-minute walk test also increased, pointing to enhanced functional ability, an important predictor of post-transplant outcomes. These results are consistent with evidence that resistance training can strengthen neuromuscular pathways and improve energy metabolism before measurable muscle hypertrophy occurs.
Quality of life scores also improved, with benefits extending beyond physical health to broader domains of wellbeing. Given that cirrhosis severely impairs daily functioning, these patient-centred gains are particularly meaningful.
The study has limitations, including a modest sample size, short duration, and inclusion of only compensated cirrhotic patients, restricting generalisability. Nevertheless, it represents the first investigation into resistance training’s effects on specific cytokines in this population and offers compelling early evidence of its therapeutic potential.
In summary, resistance training appears to be a safe, feasible and beneficial adjunct in managing cirrhosis. By improving inflammatory balance, reducing oxidative stress, and enhancing physical and functional outcomes, it may support better quality of life and transplant readiness in this vulnerable group. Further larger-scale studies are warranted.
Reference
Brown A et al. A resistance training program on patients with liver cirrhosis: a randomized clinical trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2025;22(8):1257.
