Articles

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) rates have been increasing, with a corresponding rise of morbidity and mortality. The primary treatment modality of…

When looking at the relationship between young people and health, the question must be considered: what does ‘healthy’ mean or look like today?

Coffey et al.1 justify the designation of mesentery as an individual organ. Various news outlets have posted articles on this topic with sensational…

A growing stream of literature argues for a more active role for patients and caregivers in healthcare delivery, namely in…

Last year in England alone there were approximately 57 million failed attempts to book general practitioner appointments.

Digital technologies are changing how we practice and experience healthcare. This review focusses on the role of eHealth technologies in facilitating…

Personalised medicine, with the aid of companion diagnostics, is a burgeoning field. The potential benefits of personalised medicine…

Self-management programmes for epilepsy have been developed and studied for several decades but have proven difficult to implement and sustain…

The purpose of this study was to calculate the prevalence and nature of item construction flaws within one large medical school and to identify several…

In the past decade, imaging has advanced to become a crucial tool in fundamental and biomedical research and it has become increasingly important…

Objective: The utility of virtual reality (VR) pain management to reduce visceral or autonomic responses is presented in 115 cases…

The relationship between intestinal microbiota and the brain has been the focus of attention of the scientific world in recent years; >90% of the…

To better understand what may be considered ‘innovative’ in healthcare, we suggest criteria for innovation and identify potential challenges to newly introduced innovations in the field.

Mobile health (mHealth) is the utilisation of mobile technologies in healthcare and has particular relevance in improving lifestyle behaviours…

…The findings of the study showed that patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who received the drug Relvar…

Since the early 2000s, an increasing number of studies have focussed on the adverse health effects of sitting. Sitting, together with other activities…

Introduction: Whiplash or indirect injuries to the neck are a common occurrence because of motor vehicle collisions, in which the frequency of ocular…

The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress was held in Copenhagen, Denmark from 7th–11th October 2016. The use of the promiscuous…

Endoscopic lung volume reduction (ELVR) mainly comprises endobronchial valves (EBV) and endobronchial coil (EBC) implants. EBV aims to occlude the most…

Non-transfusion-dependent thalassaemia (NTDT) is a rather broad term that encompasses a group of thalassaemia syndromes, most commonly β-thalassaemia…

Parkinson’s disease is a complex, progressive neurodegenerative disorder associated with both motor and non-motor symptoms. Current treatment strategies…

Occupational allergies are groups of work-related disorders that are accompanied by immunologic reaction to workplace allergens and include occupational…

Allergen-specific immunotherapy remains the only causal treatment of allergic disease to date. Its efficacy in symptom reduction was demonstrated in…

People with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), compared with non-diabetic individuals, have increased cardiovascular risk. Part of this excess risk is…

The increasing sophistication of vascular stent design, especially devices that combine mechanical support with local drug delivery to the vascular wall…

Percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stents (DES) is a well-established and widely-accepted treatment approach in patients with coronary…

At the start of November 2016 the Winton Centre for Risk and Evidence Communication was opened within the Department of Pure Mathematics and Mathematical…

Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are one of the most widely prescribed drugs worldwide. They are the mainstay for treatment of most gastric acid-related…

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery is a very successful option for the management of obesity, and our understanding of how this intervention…

In this century, eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) has become a more recognised allergic disease, resulting in the publication of two consensus reports…

Eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) is an emerging disorder that manifests clinically with characteristic symptoms of oesophageal dysfunction…

Background: Infliximab (IFX) trough levels measurement could partially explain mechanisms of loss in response to this drug.

Barrett’s oesophagus (BO) is one of the most important complications of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease as it may progress to oesophageal adenocarcinoma.

Eosinophilic oesophagitis is an inflammatory condition associated with marked eosinophil accumulation in the mucosal tissues of the oesophagus.

When you read the words “Living well with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,” the first thought that may spring to mind is “You have to be kidding!”…

Sleep is becoming an increasingly scarce commodity, especially among adolescents. For a teenager to perform at maximum cognitive levels, sleep…

Paediatric cancer treatment has advanced significantly over the last half century to a point where >80% of all childhood cancer cases survive >5 years…

Since their introduction in 2001, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting BCR-ABL have become the standard therapy for chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML).

Endoscopic endonasal surgery has become a standard procedure for functional treatment of benign pathologies. Materials and improved surgeon skills have…

Breast cancer is one of the deadliest cancer types worldwide and consists of several subtypes differing in their molecular characteristics; each subtype…

Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumours of the gastrointestinal tract, arising from the interstitial cells of…

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a heterogeneous group of myeloid disorders. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) is the therapeutic approach…

The occurrence of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) in men with prostate cancer is common. Although relieving the obstruction may not change prognosis, it…

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), or more commonly known as the ‘kissing disease’ is seemingly unavoidable within the adolescent and teenage community.

Acne vulgaris (AV) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit. AV has a multifactorial pathogenesis with specific roles played by the…

Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis are among the most concerning drug reactions affecting adults and children. Although the overall…

Acne vulgaris is one of the most common skin diseases in the world. There are many factors involved in its pathogenesis. The dermatosis is characterised…

Leprosy is a model disease for understanding human immune responses underlying diseases caused by intracellular pathogens, as well as providing valuable…

Background: The face is the most common site affected by skin cancer in the body and of the facial skin it is the nose that bears the brunt of the attack.

Background: The neonatal period is a phase of adaptation during which several skin conditions can develop. Most of these findings characterise the…

Brucellosis is a zoonotic infectious disease of worldwide distribution and is still endemic in some developing countries. Brucellosis is a systemic…

As innovation catalyses the potential for personalised medical diagnosis and treatment the English National Health Service (NHS) moves to embrace these…

There is growing evidence indicating the effects of medications for Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on bone metabolism and fracture risk.

The majority of patients with Type 2 diabetes require insulin therapy for treating hyperglycaemia. There are several regimens available for insulin…

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a major public health problem with various complexities involved in its diagnosis. Traditionally an oral glucose…

Chorioretinal vascular diseases are among the leading causes of blindness in industrialised countries. The recent development and widespread adoption of…