Observed Versus Predicted Mortality After Mitraclip® Treatment in Patients with Symptomatic Heart Failure and Significant Functional Mitral Regurgitation - European Medical Journal

Observed Versus Predicted Mortality After Mitraclip® Treatment in Patients with Symptomatic Heart Failure and Significant Functional Mitral Regurgitation

1 Mins
Interventional Cardiology
Authors:
Cosmo Godino,1 *Andrea Scotti,1 Marianna Adamo,2 Alessia Giannattasio,1 Antonio Sisinni,1 Mauro Chiarito,1 Francesco Melillo,1 Alessandro Beneduce,1 Carlo Andrea Pivato,1 Luca Arrigoni,1 Anna Salerno,1 Alberto Cappelletti,1 Valeria Magni,1 Stefano Stella,1 Gabriele Fragasso,1 Matteo Montorfano,1 Eustachio Agricola,1 Federica Ettori,2 Alberto Margonato,1 Antonio Colombo1
Disclosure:

The authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

Citation:
EMJ Int Cardiol. ;5[1]:43-45. Abstract Review No. AR7.
Keywords:
MitraClip®, mitral regurgitation, heart failure, score

Each article is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 License.

The aim of this study was to compare the survival observed in patients with moderate-to-severe functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) and moderate-to-severe symptomatic heart failure (HF) treated with MitraClip® and the survival predicted by available HF scores: the Seattle HF Model (SHFM),1 the HF calculator of the meta-analysis global group in chronic HF (MAGGIC),2 and the Cardiac and Comorbid Conditions HF (3C-HF)3 score. From 2008–2015, 171 patients with moderate-to-severe HF received MitraClip at two institutions. Patients were stratified in two subgroups according to the aetiology into non-ischaemic FMR (n=64) and ischaemic FMR (n=107). We compared the observed survival with that predicted by these scores at different time points for the overall population and for the two subgroups.

We found that: i) the survival predicted by the SHFM and the MAGGIC scores were consistent with those observed after MitraClip, with a trend of higher observed survival compared to that predicted by the MAGGIC, ii) the survival predicted by the 3C-HF score was lower than that observed after MitraClip (Figure 1), and iii) the results were consistent in the subgroup analysis for non-ischaemic and ischaemic FMR aetiology, with non-ischaemic patients showing the highest observed survival rates compared to the 3C-HF scores (Figure 2).

Figure 1: Kaplan–Meier analysis of overall survival compared to the predicted by the available HF scores in all FMR patients.
SHFM: Seattle Heart Failure Model; MAGGIC: meta-analysis global group in chronic heart failure; 3C-HF: Cardiac and Comorbid Conditions Heart Failure score; HF: heart failure; FMR: functional mitral regurgitation.

Figure 2: Kaplan–Meier analysis of overall survival compared to the predicted by the available HF scores in ischaemic (left) and non-ischaemic (right) functional mitral regurgitation patients.
SHFM: Seattle Heart Failure Model; MAGGIC: meta-analysis global group in chronic heart failure; 3C-HF: Cardiac and Comorbid Conditions Heart Failure score.

The SHFM and the MAGGIC scores are both validated in groups of patients without a predominance of severe MR and it is known that severe MR confers an increased risk of mortality.4 Therefore, we can speculate that the score would have underestimated the mortality and we expected that the observed survival would be lower than that predicted, because all patients included in our study were affected by severe MR. Instead, the observed survival after MitraClip was comparable with that predicted by the SHFM and MAGGIC scores, and therefore we can suppose that a certain benefit in terms of greater survival could have been conferred by the MitraClip procedure.

Considering that the 3C-HF score takes into consideration severe valve heart disease in the variables that contribute to outcome prediction, the observed survival after MitraClip is significantly higher than that predicted by the 3C-HF score and this can support the aforementioned hypothesis of outcome improvement after MitraClip, especially in non-ischaemic patients who seem to benefit the most from this procedure. Of course, a prospective, randomised, controlled trial is required to confirm these speculations.

In conclusion, the survival outcome of patients with FMR and HF, after the MitraClip procedure, was better than that predicted by the 3C-HF score and similar to that predicted by the SHFM and MAGGIC scores.

References
Levy WC et al. The Seattle Heart Failure Model Prediction of Survival in Heart Failure. Circulation. 2006;113(11):1424-33. Pocock SJ et al. Chronic heart failure Predicting survival in heart failure: a risk score based on 39 372 patients from 30 studies. Eur Heart J. 2013;34(19):1404-13. Senni M et al. Predicting heart failure outcome from cardiac and comorbid conditions: The 3C-HF score. Int J Cardiol. 2013;163(2):206-11. Enriquez-Sarano M, Sundt TM 3rd. Early surgery is recommended for mitral regurgitation. Circulation. 2010;121(6):804-12.

Rate this content's potential impact on patient outcomes

Thank you!

Please share some more information on the rating you have given