Neurology

GLP-1 receptor agonists like semaglutide and tirzepatide are linked to significantly lower risks of dementia, ischemic stroke, and all-cause mortality in adults with type 2 diabetes and obesity, according to a large US cohort study.

The non-nutritive sweetener erythritol, commonly found in sugar-free beverages, may impair brain microvascular endothelial cell function by increasing oxidative stress and disrupting nitric oxide (NO) signaling, according to new in vitro findings.

Patients with psychosocial risk factors, including depression and neurodevelopmental disorders, face significantly worse outcomes following emergency general surgery, according to a new analysis of over 2 million cases.

A new cross-sectional study highlights a troubling mental health trend among adolescents and young adults, revealing that up to two-thirds of students aged 14–30 report moderate to severe loneliness.

A Mediterranean diet, with or without calorie restriction, improved dietary adherence and modestly reduced weight in older African American adults but did not produce long-term cognitive improvements, according to findings from a randomized controlled trial.

Alcohol-related emergency department visits have more than doubled in the U.S. since 1993, with chronic alcohol misuse now driving a disproportionate share of cases, according to a new nationwide analysis.

Short stays in pediatric epilepsy monitoring units (EMUs) achieve diagnostic goals in the majority of cases, with drug-resistant epilepsy emerging as a key predictor of both success and repeat admissions, according to a retrospective analysis of 462 admissions over a 10-year period.

In a large national survey of cannabis users in Japan, researchers found little evidence to support the long-standing “gateway drug” hypothesis, a theory suggesting that cannabis use leads to subsequent consumption of more harmful substances such as methamphetamine or other illicit drugs.