Neurology

A single session combining transcranial direct current stimulation and virtual reality-based mindfulness may enhance attention regulation.

Tramadol with CYP2D6-inhibiting antidepressants was associated with higher seizure rates in nursing home residents in Medicare.

Neurocognitive functioning declines across central nervous system cancers, shaped by tumor location and interacting treatment effects.

In adults with Down syndrome, metabolic syndrome was uncommon, but obesity associated with Alzheimer’s dementia risk.

Gout flares affect one in twenty stroke patients within a week, often the paretic limb, unveiling undiagnosed hyperuricemia.

Huntington’s disease is progressive and incurable, so modifiable factors that influence symptom onset and progression are clinically relevant.

In patients with cerebral infarction, machine learning models using neurophysiological and clinical data predicted ICU readmission.

Broad rim lesions have emerged as a new pathological and imaging biomarker for rapid disease progression in multiple sclerosis (MS), according to research integrating autopsy data and neuroimaging.

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), a rare autoimmune neuropathy that causes rapid muscle weakness and paralysis, may in exceptional cases serve as the first clinical sign of Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL), according to a recent case report.

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST), a rare but serious form of stroke primarily affecting young adults, may have lasting effects on neurological and psychiatric health.

Patients with Parkinson’s disease and immune-mediated inflammatory conditions are highly receptive to using digital health technologies in clinical research.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is rising worldwide, yet major differences in diagnosis and access to care highlight persistent disparities between the United States and other regions.

Omega-3 supplementation reduced key markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with moderate-to-severe head injuries but failed to translate into improved long-term clinical outcomes.

New findings indicate that postoperative changes in beta power within the subthalamic nucleus may explain the transient stun effect experienced by patients with Parkinson’s disease after deep brain stimulation surgery.

Oolong tea may reduce neuroinflammation by modulating the microbiota-gut-brain axis, according to findings from a rat model of autism.

Visual symptoms in Parkinson’s disease may remain largely unchanged despite treatment with levodopa or deep brain stimulation.

Sex-specific differences significantly influence the progression of Huntington’s disease (HD), according to new findings that highlight the role of the cytosine-adenine-guanine-age product score (CAPS) in shaping both clinical outcomes and brain changes.

Patients with aphasia caused by stroke or traumatic brain injury experienced the greatest improvements in language recovery when transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) was combined with speech-language therapy (SLT).

Coping behaviors that temporarily alleviate the distressing sensations of oral cenesthopathy are linked to paradoxical changes in brain perfusion, according to new neuroimaging research.

Revised international diagnostic criteria have been introduced for vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID), aiming to standardize assessment and improve consistency across clinical and research settings.

Alterations in the gut microbiota are evident not only in patients with Parkinson’s disease but also in individuals with isolated REM sleep behavior disorder, suggesting that microbial changes may precede clinical onset of Parkinson’s.

Complex post-traumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD) affects nearly one in ten people worldwide, according to a new systematic review and meta-analysis examining community prevalence of this ICD-11 defined condition.

The transition from ICD-10 to ICD-11 has introduced substantial revisions in the classification of schizophrenia and catatonia, reshaping diagnostic approaches for clinicians worldwide.

Insufficient weekday sleep may elevate the risk of dementia, but new research suggests that weekend recovery sleep can mitigate this risk for certain dementia subtypes.

Midlife health profiles defined by clusters of coexisting conditions significantly influence ischemic stroke incidence and severity, according to a large analysis of participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study.

Females with posttraumatic stress disorder showed reduced non-emotional working memory capacity and slower responses on the N-back task, with 2-back slowing linked to greater avoidance and overall symptom severity.

Randomized clinical trials in Alzheimer’s disease have grown substantially in scale and complexity over the past three decades, with modern studies increasingly designed to capture slower and more subtle therapeutic effects.

Emerging evidence suggests that GLP-1 receptor agonists, widely used for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), may offer therapeutic benefits in Parkinson’s disease (PD).

A newly developed nurse-led nomogram has shown strong potential in predicting the risk of myasthenic crisis in patients with myasthenia gravis and bulbar weakness.

New findings highlight that underlying rheumatic diseases may play a significant role in ischemic stroke among younger adults, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and referral.

A rare case report suggests that high dose perampanel may trigger compulsive nocturnal food cravings, with symptoms aligning closely to peak drug concentration levels.

Skipping breakfast is significantly associated with a higher risk of depression, according to a new systematic review and meta-analysis.

Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies are complex immune-mediated disorders with multisystem involvement, and recent advances are reshaping both classification and treatment approaches.

Lewy body dementia (LBD) can be especially difficult to identify in patients with a long history of psychiatric illness, where overlapping neuropsychiatric and motor symptoms may mask its emergence.

Elite soccer players with chronic low back pain (CLBP) or motor control impairment (MCI) may be able to maintain their game-day performance despite these conditions, according to new research.

A Parkinson’s disease medication has demonstrated potent activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis through a novel host-directed mechanism, offering a potential new avenue for combating the disease and addressing antimicrobial resistance.

Cognitive impairment remains a significant concern for liver transplant recipients, with new research showing that neurological decline persists even when hepatic encephalopathy is no longer present.

Cognitive impairment in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may be linked to elevated serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels, according to new pilot research exploring the role of this neuronal injury biomarker.

Early postoperative extubation following elective neurosurgical treatment of brain metastases appears safe and does not increase the risk of complications or re-intubation, according to findings from a single-center cohort study.

Early treatment with intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) significantly improves long-term outcomes and survival in patients with anti-IgLON5 disease, according to findings from a large international cohort study.

A new clinical practice guideline released by the Alzheimer’s Association is set to revolutionize how Alzheimer’s disease is diagnosed in specialized care.

A new analysis from the STARSHIP study offers significant insights into the management of cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) in paediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Participation in the U.S. Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is associated with slower cognitive decline in older adults, potentially offering a protective effect against age-related cognitive impairments.

A new scientometric analysis has shed light on the global trends and impact of scientific publications regarding the neurological effects of the COVID-19 vaccine.

The treatment of ultra-processed food addiction (UPFA) in individuals with comorbid eating disorders (EDs), emphasizing the challenges in choosing between abstinence-based and moderation-based nutrition interventions, was investigated in a recent study.

A recent study in older adults at risk of cognitive decline revealed that structured lifestyle interventions significantly improve cognition.

Real-Time Telemedical Oversight (ReTMO) significantly improves prehospital stroke metrics, reducing delays in treatment and enhancing neurological outcomes for patients with stroke according to the results of a new study.

A study examining over 600,000 adults has found a significant link between childhood exposure to environmental lead and memory problems in older age.

Innovative nomogram models are providing healthcare professionals with powerful tools for predicting early neurological deterioration (END) and 90-day prognosis outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) treated with intravenous thrombolysis.

Loneliness and social isolation are increasingly recognized as major public health issues, with significant impacts on both physical and mental health.

A concerning increase in the incidence of central nervous system (CNS) demyelination among patients undergoing biologic treatments for rheumatologic diseases has been revealed by a new study.

Deep learning applied to multimodal MRI may significantly improve early differentiation between Parkinson’s disease and multiple system atrophy, offering a potential breakthrough in diagnosing parkinsonian syndromes.

A new mixed methods study from Malaysia aims to reshape the campus food environment by reducing salt and sugar in canteen offerings, with expected benefits for student and staff health.

GLP-1 receptor agonists like semaglutide and tirzepatide are linked to significantly lower risks of dementia, ischemic stroke, and all-cause mortality in adults with type 2 diabetes and obesity, according to a large US cohort study.

The non-nutritive sweetener erythritol, commonly found in sugar-free beverages, may impair brain microvascular endothelial cell function by increasing oxidative stress and disrupting nitric oxide (NO) signaling, according to new in vitro findings.

Patients with psychosocial risk factors, including depression and neurodevelopmental disorders, face significantly worse outcomes following emergency general surgery, according to a new analysis of over 2 million cases.

A new cross-sectional study highlights a troubling mental health trend among adolescents and young adults, revealing that up to two-thirds of students aged 14–30 report moderate to severe loneliness.

A Mediterranean diet, with or without calorie restriction, improved dietary adherence and modestly reduced weight in older African American adults but did not produce long-term cognitive improvements, according to findings from a randomized controlled trial.

Alcohol-related emergency department visits have more than doubled in the U.S. since 1993, with chronic alcohol misuse now driving a disproportionate share of cases, according to a new nationwide analysis.

Short stays in pediatric epilepsy monitoring units (EMUs) achieve diagnostic goals in the majority of cases, with drug-resistant epilepsy emerging as a key predictor of both success and repeat admissions, according to a retrospective analysis of 462 admissions over a 10-year period.

In a large national survey of cannabis users in Japan, researchers found little evidence to support the long-standing “gateway drug” hypothesis, a theory suggesting that cannabis use leads to subsequent consumption of more harmful substances such as methamphetamine or other illicit drugs.

A newly developed UK consensus guideline outlines critical recommendations for the orthopedic management of children and young people with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), addressing an urgent need for standardized fracture and surgical care.

Two promising biomarkers, the kappa free light chains (kFLC) index and central vein sign (CVS), have been incorporated into the revised 2024 McDonald criteria, offering improved diagnostic precision for multiple sclerosis (MS) and radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS).

EEG suppression after seizures may signal increased SUDEP risk in children with epilepsy, according to a new study evaluating clinical and electrophysiological indicators.

VMAT2 inhibitors may offer effective symptom relief for pediatric hyperkinetic movement disorders, according to a new retrospective study reviewing over a decade of clinical use.

Breast cancer survivors may face a lower risk of Alzheimer’s disease than their cancer-free peers, according to a large retrospective cohort study examining long-term cognitive outcomes following treatment.

An emerging treatment model for migraine integrates behavioral and pharmacologic approaches via telehealth, potentially improving access and outcomes for patients with this highly disabling neurological condition.

Depression and anxiety, not motor decline, are the strongest predictors of quality of life in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), according to a new study that underscores the pressing need for comprehensive symptom management beyond traditional motor assessments.

Clinical evaluation of small fiber neuropathy (SFN) remains inconsistent across neurology subspecialties, with survey data revealing wide variation in diagnostic practices, even when faced with common patient scenarios.

In a breakthrough that could accelerate research into Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP), researchers have demonstrated that a state-of-the-art AI model, GPT-4o, can accurately extract neural projections from scientific literature.

Frailty is a critical predictor of mortality and neurological outcome in older patients undergoing endovascular therapy for ischemic stroke, according to a national German registry analysis involving over 2,400 patients.

Catatonia remains a misunderstood neuropsychiatric condition, and a new evidence-based review challenges ten prevailing myths that may delay diagnosis and compromise patient outcomes.

A new deep-learning framework using MRI scans offers promising accuracy in predicting brain age, cognitive decline, and amyloid plaque buildup, key factors in the early detection of Alzheimer’s disease and related neurodegenerative disorders.

Delirium remains a critical yet often underrecognized condition in acute care settings with direct links to increased mortality and extended hospital stays.

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) not only reduces seizures in patients with epilepsy but also leads to early and sustained improvements in mental health, sleep, and quality of life, according to a new multicenter cohort study.

Calcified cerebral emboli may significantly reduce the effectiveness of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) and lead to worse outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke, according to new findings.

A new study examining vascular dementia (VaD) mortality in the United States from 2005 to 2020 reveals a marked rise in age-adjusted death rates, especially in specific regions and demographic groups.

In a breakthrough meta-analysis designed for clinicians and healthcare professionals, machine learning tools have shown promising accuracy in predicting hemorrhagic transformation (HT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

Healthcare professionals and neurologists across the U.S. are closely watching the emergence of ambient AI tools in clinical practice, especially as these technologies enter specialized settings like epilepsy care.

In a newly published systematic review of clinical trials, researchers evaluated the safety and efficacy of interventions aimed at promoting remyelination in multiple sclerosis (MS), a neurodegenerative disease characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and axonal damage in the central nervous system.

Late-onset migraine with aura in patients over 50 is gaining attention as a clinically distinct and underrecognized presentation, according to a new systematic review.

Public understanding of genetic testing for dementia remains limited and often misinformed, according to a new study analyzing Twitter conversations from 2010 to 2023.

In a major new prospective study examining ischemic stroke prognosis, researchers have found that patients with high-normal serum levels of potassium, calcium, and magnesium experienced significantly lower risks of death or major disability at 3 months.

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) and periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) are common neurologic sleep-related conditions that affect millions of adults and children in the United States.

Excess weight is emerging as a significant risk factor for neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms in post-COVID-19 condition (PCC), according to new findings presented in a new systematic review and meta-analysis.

Living near golf courses may significantly increase the risk of Parkinson’s disease, according to new research analyzing data from the Rochester Epidemiology Project.

Accurate tumor grading in glioma is essential for guiding treatment and predicting outcomes, yet current methods rely heavily on biopsy and histopathology.

In a new randomized controlled trial, daily anthocyanin supplementation significantly improved inflammation and cardiometabolic biomarkers in older adults at risk for dementia, a finding that may have implications for both brain and cardiovascular health.

In Parkinson’s disease (PD), gut microbiome imbalances and early symptoms like REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) are increasingly recognized as clues to the condition’s origins and progression.

Parkinson’s disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder impacting over 10 million people worldwide, is defined by the aggregation of misfolded α-synuclein (aSyn) in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to the hallmark motor symptoms of tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia.

Persistent neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in older adults could serve as early warning signs of underlying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology, according to new research.

MRI continues to play a pivotal role in the early detection of Alzheimer’s disease, and new research suggests that using distance measures from MRI data may outperform traditional volumetric assessments in predicting cognitive decline.

Lewy body dementia (LBD), a complex neurodegenerative disorder, remains severely understudied in Latin America, according to a new scoping review analyzing the regional research landscape across major medical databases.

New research reveals that adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are significantly more likely to develop sleep disorders, including insomnia, than those without the disease, a finding that raises important questions for rheumatologists and primary care providers.

In a comprehensive new study using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 1999 to 2020, researchers have identified strong links between specific lifestyle factors and the risk of stroke in U.S. adults.

In patients with branch atherosclerosis disease (BAD), early neurological deterioration (END) poses a significant threat to recovery, even in mild strokes.