Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is rising twice as fast in women under 40, compared with those over 40, new analysis from Diabetes UK has revealed.

Researchers identified distinct DNA methylation signatures associated with ageing and type 2 diabetes in pancreatic islets, revealing potential biomarkers and therapeutic

Multi-organ biochip grant accepted to explore diabetes-dementia link in patient derived cells.

A WHO expert has called for early prevention strategies to address obesity as a global public health crisis, speaking with EMJ during the 79th World Health Assembly.

Higher mean arterial pressure may accelerate arterial stiffness progression in adults with prediabetes, according to new longitudinal research.

Type 2 diabetes subtypes show differing mortality risks in South Asian cohorts. Insulin-deficient forms carry higher risk. Read more.

Orforglipron pills could offer a new option for stabilising weight changes after injectable GLP-1 therapy, according to the ATTAIN-MAINTAIN trial.

Researchers have called for increased awareness, education, and safe spaces for children in the UK with Type 1 diabetes, following investigation into diabetes technology access.

Insulin resistance is independently linked to MASLD in type 1 diabetes, highlighting a distinct high-risk metabolic phenotype in affected patients.

Semaglutide might offer a novel treatment pathway for alcohol use disorder in those with comorbid obesity. Learn more.

Semaglutide improved motivation in patients with major depressive disorder, holding promise for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders characterised by reward dysfunction.

MRI Pacinian corpuscles in the forefoot may reflect diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy severity, with counts correlating to nerve conduction measures.

A meta-analysis found SGLT2 inhibitors reduced rejection risk after heart transplantation in patients with diabetes, while other major outcomes remained unchanged.

Indigenous populations historically face a significantly higher prevalence of Type 2 diabetes than global averages, a new systematic review has found.

Dietary patterns vary across type 2 diabetes subtypes, with links to comorbidities, highlighting the need for more personalised nutrition strategies.

Patients with diabetes have a near fourfold higher risk of ‘frozen shoulder’, a new systematic review and meta-analysis has found.

Metformin is associated with lower odds of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, according to a 2026 Nordic population-based case-control study.

A 2026 target trial emulation has established a modest association between GLP-1 use in patients with Type 2 diabetes and a higher risk of erectile dysfunction.

Low socioeconomic status is, overall, tied to a higher prevalence of hypertension and obesity, but lower odds of diabetes and dyslipidaemia in China.

In this large cohort study spanning nine databases across the USA and Europe, researchers compared 18 safety outcomes across four major classes of second-line antihyperglycaemic agents.

Night shift work in type 2 diabetes is linked to higher glucose variability, increased snacking, and prolonged wakefulness, underscoring the need for tailored care strategies.

The prevalence of incident diabetes increases following COVID-19 infection, a 2026 systematic review and meta-analysis has revealed.

Semaglutide is associated with a lower risk of worsening anxiety, depression, and substance use disorder in patients with co-occurring mental illness and diabetes.

Semaglutide is set to be offered to more than one million people with cardiovascular disease on the NHS in coming months.

Children with metabolically healthy obesity still face increased cardiometabolic risks by adulthood, highlighting the need for early intervention.

Scientists have discovered a previously unknown neural pathway behind the antidiabetic effects of metformin, a standard first-line treatment for Type 2 diabetes.

Discontinuation of, or interruptions to, GLP-1 treatment may increase the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in adults with Type 2 diabetes.

Adults above 50 with Type 1 diabetes are nearly three times as likely to develop incident dementia as those without. Read more.

Metformin reduces the incidence of intermediate age-related macular degeneration by nearly 40% in people with Type 2 diabetes, a 2026 study has found.

Around 50% of patients with Type 2 diabetes have fatty pancreas disease, a substantial yet arguably overlooked metabolic burden.

Researchers reveal the anatomical sites where people with Type 2 diabetes experience a particularly higher risk of fracture.

Londoners are tuning to unsafe alternatives as NHS rollout of weight loss drugs stalls, according to a new report from the London Assembly Health Committee.

Patients with brain metastases and Type 2 diabetes taking GLP-1RAs had a significantly lower risk of mortality over 3 years compared with nonusers in a 2026 cohort study.

GLP-1RAs produce greater weight loss results among women than men, a 2026 systematic review and meta-analysis has found.

The FDA has issued warning letters to 30 telehealth companies for reportedly making false claims about GLP-1 products, amid a major crackdown on pharmaceutical advertisements.

Nicotine-seeking behaviours and activity in the brain’s reward pathway have been found to be dampened through the activation of glucose-like peptide-1 receptors.

A new non-peptide GLP-1 pill proved more effective for weight loss than oral semaglutide in a recent Phase III trial.

At 48 weeks, 58% of participants in the treatment group lost more than 5% of their total body weight, meeting the responder rate co-primary endpoint.

Altitude reduces the risk of diabetes due to red blood cells acting as the primary glucose sink during hypoxia, a 2026 study has found.

Metabolic and bariatric surgery offers greater cardiovascular protection than GLP-1 receptor agonists, a 2026 systematic review and meta-analysis has found.

Prescribing patients with type 2 diabetes SGLT-2 inhibitors much earlier in the treatment process could prevent around 17,000 deaths in the UK, new NICE guidance suggests.

A review of 41 trials finds only two assessed dietary intake with GLP 1 receptor agonists, underscoring a critical gap in nutrition research.

GLP-1RAs are associated with a reduced risk of aneurysmal rupture in high-risk patient populations, a 2026 study has found.

Tirzepatide proves superior to semaglutide in weight reduction and improving glycaemic indices, a 2026 network meta-analysis has found.

Maternal diabetes is associated with an increased epilepsy risk in offspring, a 2026 cohort study has found.

Gut microbiota dysbiosis might contribute to the development of diabetic retinopathy through the gut-eye axis, according to a 2026 systematic review and meta-analysis.

The UK’s MHRA has strengthened warnings of acute pancreatitis on GLP-1RAs, following rare reports of necrotising and fatal pancreatitis.

New data show GLP-1 RAs lower amputation, cardiovascular, and mortality risks in diabetes patients with prior limb events.

Using univariate and multivariate logistic regression, the investigators identified eight independent predictors of thyroid dysfunction.

Importantly, baseline gut microbiome profiles predicted changes in glycohaemoglobin among users of both therapies.

The system has been made available online, potentially enabling healthcare providers to rapidly assess CMM risk in patients with T2DM and implement timely interventions to slow disease progression.

A global meta-analysis shows people with mental disorders receive poorer diabetes monitoring and less access to newer therapies.

A major review links PFAS exposure to higher gestational diabetes risk, highlighting environmental chemicals as emerging pregnancy health concerns.

Among 469 circulating metabolites assessed, 235 were significantly associated with incident disease. Notably, 67 of these associations had not been previously reported.

Large cohort study links higher exposure to several food preservatives with increased type 2 diabetes incidence, prompting calls for safety review.

Evidence from a clinical trial and long-term cohort studies suggests metformin, widely used in diabetes, may reduce knee osteoarthritis pain and lower future osteoarthritis risk.

Mazdutide, a dual glucagon and GLP-1 agonist, delivers greater HbA1c and weight reductions than dulaglutide in people with type 2 diabetes.

PUFA-rich and Nordic diets reduce liver fat and LDL cholesterol over 12 months, with broader metabolic benefits seen with the Nordic diet.

Global modelling study shows the economic burden of diabetes could reach trillions by 2050, with informal caregiving a major, under-recognised cost driver.

A 10-year hospital study reveals how often prediabetes progresses to type 2 diabetes, and how early intervention can reverse risk.

Meta-analysis shows diabetes increases male infertility risk, with inflammation identified as a key underlying mechanism.

Curcumin supplementation modestly lowers systolic blood pressure in adults with prediabetes and Type 2 diabetes.

A multi-species synbiotic supplement has led to measurable improvements in weight, metabolic control and cardiovascular risk markers in elderly people with type 2 diabetes.

NHANES data show glycaemic status and macronutrient intake are linked to sleep duration, sleep disorders, and sleep quality.

High HbA1c variability is independently associated with poorer neurocognitive outcomes in children with type 1 diabetes.

A highly accurate AI model improves prediabetes prediction by integrating antioxidant status with standard risk factors.

Review paper concludes that stem cells and growth factors are effective in treating diabetic foot ulcers. But improved treatment protocols are needed before wider clinical adoption.

Novel oral GRK2-biased β2 adrenergic receptor agonists show potential for safer glucose management and obesity treatment.

Scientists used a chemotherapy-free stem cell approach to reverse type 1 diabetes in mice, restoring insulin production and immune balance without long-term medication.

Gold-standard clamp trial shows metformin fails to improve insulin resistance in type 1 diabetes, highlighting unmet treatment needs.

Researchers uncover how diabetes impairs nerve regeneration and propose potential therapies to restore nerve repair and function.

New study shows low LDL cholesterol is associated with higher type 2 diabetes risk, regardless of statin therapy, suggesting biomarker potential.

A new meta-analysis finds that simple, low-cost text message interventions can improve short-term blood sugar control in adults with diabetes.

Gestational diabetes in pregnancy changes the gut microbiome of newborns, increasing bacteria linked to inflammation and potential long-term health risks.

A pilot study shows that yoga and walking for type 2 diabetes significantly improve blood glucose outcomes, especially when combined.

A study in young adults shows that ultra-processed foods increase the risk of prediabetes and insulin resistance. Limiting ultra-processed foods may help prevent type 2 diabetes.

New study reveals how lifestyle, goals, and convenience shape diabetes patients’ diet choices, guiding better patient-centred advice.

A U.S. study finds that lower-body fat protects against type 2 diabetes, while abdominal fat increases risk, especially among men.

A major review of nearly 60,000 cases shows new diabetes subgroups could transform diagnosis and treatment through more personalised care approaches.

Elevated autoantibodies against incretin hormones may indicate poorer outcomes in diabetes, highlighting potential for new prognostic biomarkers.

Diabetes and psoriasis together increase risk of all-cause and cancer mortality, according to a U.S. population study.

Nationwide study finds midlife and older adults with type 2 diabetes face a 50% higher risk of very late-onset schizophrenia.

Gene therapy delivering protective vascular endothelial growth factor C into kidney filters reduced early diabetic kidney damage.

Learn how carnosine and β-alanine may improve blood sugar and β-cell function in Type 2 diabetes and prediabetes.

Learn how high-dose metformin improves BMI, insulin needs, and LDL-C in adolescents with T1D.

New data suggests omega-3 supplements provide little to no benefit for diabetic polyneuropathy.

GLP-1RA use lowered cardiovascular, kidney, and mortality risks in patients with lupus and diabetes

Learn how low-dose ATG may preserve β-cell function in young people with recent-onset Type 1 diabetes.

Understand how GLP-1 receptor agonists may reduce fracture risk and improve bone density in Type 2 diabetes

Learn how tirzepatide treatment improves diet-related quality of life and satisfaction in Type 2 diabetes patients.

A global study covering 204 countries found that fewer than one in four people with diabetes achieved optimal glycaemic control, highlighting persistent gaps in diagnosis and treatment despite improvements since 2000.

Appropriate risk assessment before prescribing treatment, along with personalised management strategies, could help reduce the long-term burden of cardiometabolic diseases in this population.

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a common yet frequently undiagnosed condition among people with Type 2 diabetes…

Find out how app-based messaging supports diabetes management and reduces cardiovascular risks in adults with poor control. Keep reading.

Learn how GLP-1 RAs may cut peptic ulcer risk in diabetes patients by nearly half.

Discover how HBV immunity is linked to lower diabetes risk, suggesting added value of hepatitis B vaccination.

Discover how tirzepatide aids weight loss and insulin reduction in Type 1 diabetes with no increase in hypoglycaemia.

Understand how women with Type 1 diabetes have greater cardiovascular risk than those with Type 2.

Total potato intake was positively associated with risk of developing Type 2 diabetes, but this effect was primarily driven by intake of French fries.

Discover how new AI can spot hidden diabetes risk earlier than ever before. Keep reading for the full story.

Learn how canagliflozin safely improves glycaemic control in children with Type 2 diabetes.

Melatonin may improve long-term blood sugar control in Type 2 diabetes, with no significant impact on fasting glucose.

Low thyroid hormone levels may increase gestational diabetes risk, with isolated hypothyroxinaemia showing the strongest association.

Understand how diabetes may raise bone density over time, but fracture risk remains.

Discover how new research found that glipizide carries higher cardiovascular risk than DPP4 inhibitors in Type 2 diabetes treatment.

Although the link between Type 2 diabetes and increased breast cancer risk is well established, the relationship between GDM and breast cancer has remained unclear.

Learn how TCM plus PDE5 inhibitors boosts erectile function in diabetes patients, with no extra side effects reported.

Discover how SGLT-2 inhibitors are linked with reduced risk of serious liver events in cirrhosis patients.

Dapagliflozin reverses myocardial fibrosis in HFpEF with diabetes, suggesting a disease-modifying effect.

Understand how magnesium supplementation modestly improves fasting glucose in Type 2 diabetes.

Learn how EGF and UMOD levels may predict diabetic kidney disease progression, offering new tools for clinical risk assessment.

Discover how low-dose vitamin D may help regulate blood sugar in people with Type 2 diabetes.

Understand how a combined therapy shows significant nerve and glucose improvements in diabetic neuropathy, without added safety risks.

Learn how tighter glucose control in diabetic pregnancies lowers risk for key complications.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy ranks highest for healing diabetic foot ulcers but may raise amputation risk, new network meta-analysis reveals.

New analysis finds acupuncture improves key symptoms of type 2 diabetes, including blood sugar and cholesterol markers.

Cortisol-blocking treatment significantly improves blood sugar control and weight in people with hard-to-treat Type 2 diabetes.

CagriSema significantly reduced body weight and HbA1c in adults with Type 2 diabetes in new Phase 3 trial.

Discover how zimislecel enables insulin independence in patients with Type 1 diabetes, showing strong efficacy in early clinical data.

Understand how diabetes raises risk of infection and complications post-hysterectomy.