A MAJOR genomic study could transform how clinicians in the UK and beyond assess and monitor patients at risk of developing multiple myeloma (MM), a type of blood cancer.
Researchers analysed genomic data from 1,030 patients, including 218 individuals with precursor conditions such as MGUS (monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance) and smouldering myeloma. By identifying both coding and non-coding genetic drivers, as well as key structural variants, the team developed a predictive tool called the ‘MM-like’ score. This score allows clinicians to position patients along a genetic continuum of disease progression, offering a clearer sense of how close a precursor condition may be to transforming into active myeloma.
The study also created a comprehensive genomic map of MM development, providing insights into the timing and origin of the disease, the sequence of genetic alterations, and the mutational processes that underpin transformation.
The findings have the potential to significantly impact clinical practice by enabling earlier, more tailored interventions for high-risk patients. With no current standard for predicting progression from MM precursor states, this study represents a major step forward in preventing the onset of full-blown disease through targeted surveillance and timely care.
Reference
Alberge JB et al. Genomic landscape of multiple myeloma and its precursor conditions. Nat Genet. 2025; doi: 10.1038/s41588-025-02196-0.
