A NEW global report has shown that while deaths from viral hepatitis are beginning to stabilise in some regions, most countries remain off track to meet elimination targets, highlighting persistent gaps in diagnosis and treatment access.
Viral hepatitis remains a major cause of liver disease
Viral hepatitis continues to be a leading cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide, accounting for more than one million deaths each year. Hepatitis B and hepatitis C are responsible for the majority of liver-related mortality, despite the availability of effective antiviral therapies and preventive measures.
The latest global assessment examined trends in hepatitis incidence, mortality, diagnosis, and treatment coverage, with a focus on progress towards internationally agreed elimination goals.
Gains in treatment coverage but diagnosis lags behind
The report showed that access to antiviral treatment has improved in several regions, particularly for hepatitis C, where curative therapies are widely available. However, diagnosis rates remain a major barrier. A large proportion of people living with chronic hepatitis B or C are still unaware of their infection, limiting opportunities for timely treatment and prevention of liver complications.
Low testing coverage was identified as a key contributor to ongoing transmission and late-stage liver disease presentation, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
Disparities across regions and populations
Marked regional disparities were observed in both prevention and care. Countries with well-established screening programmes and integrated hepatitis services showed greater progress, while others faced challenges related to funding, healthcare infrastructure, and stigma.
Vulnerable populations, including people who inject drugs, migrants, and those with limited access to healthcare, were disproportionately affected. The report emphasised that targeted interventions will be essential to reduce inequities in liver disease outcomes.
Implications for hepatology practice
For clinicians, the findings reinforced the importance of routine hepatitis testing in at-risk populations and early linkage to care to prevent progression to advanced liver disease. Scaling up simplified testing strategies and decentralised treatment delivery were highlighted as effective approaches to increase coverage.
The report also underscored the role of hepatology services in supporting national elimination efforts through surveillance, advocacy, and integration of hepatitis care into broader liver disease pathways.
Looking ahead to elimination targets
While progress has been made, the authors concluded that accelerated action is needed to meet elimination goals within the next decade. Expanding testing, improving access to affordable treatment, and strengthening prevention strategies remain central to reducing the global burden of hepatitis-related liver disease.
Reference
WHO. Global hepatitis progress report. 2026. Available at: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-Hepatitis-Progress-Report-2026. Last accessed: 09 January 2026.
