Oncology

Patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) have limited systemic treatment options compared to other major cancer types.1 Tumour heterogeneity is a major cause of treatment failure.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been associated with extrahepatic malignancies such as colorectal carcinoma (CRC). The majority of CRCs arise from adenomatous polyps, and it is not known if HCV infection influences the growth of these pre-cancerous lesions.

High incidence of lung cancer in Serbia is derived from high smoking rates, the lack of a nationwide screening programme, and the presence of environmental risk factors. By histology, adenocarcinoma accounts for approximately 50% of all lung cancer cases, with approximately 60% of new diagnoses already in advanced disease stages, where targeted therapies and immunotherapy are indicated.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, with a global estimation of 2.2 million new cases and 1.8 million deaths in 2020. Low-dose spiral CT-based screening has shown significant mortality reduction of lung cancer in randomised clinical trials. However, the high false-positive results (around 96%) will lead to high rates of overdiagnosis.

The MammaPrint® (MP) 70-gene test is utilised in personalised treatment planning for patients with early-stage breast cancer (EBC) with either node-positive or node-negative disease and categorises tumours as high risk (MP-HR; MP index: –1–≤0) or low risk (MP-LR; MP index: >0–+1).

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) represent a rare heterogeneous group with an increasing incidence, consisting of neuroendocrine tumours (NET) and neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC), mostly prevalent in the gastrointestinal tract. Cancer stage, tumour grade, mode of treatment, and mainly early diagnosis affect overall survival rate.

Metastatic collecting ducts carcinoma is biologically poorly characterised and under-represented in prospective randomised trials.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in Québec, Canada…