Urology

Researchers reveal what matters most to patients with prostate cancer in treatment decisions at the Annual Congress of the European Association of Urology 2026.

With AI decision support, basic readers achieved efficiency scores comparable to expert radiologists, suggesting that AI may help standardise prostate cancer diagnosis across different levels of clinical expertise.

EAU 2026 data show prostate cancer screening has minimal impact on men’s quality of life and health anxiety, helping fill a key evidence gap for screening policy.

Researchers compared prostate and breast cancer screening outcomes in Germany in a meta-analysis presented at the Annual Congress of the European Association of Urology 2026.

A new AI model has outperformed traditional methods of bladder cancer classification, yielding a 95.5% accuracy.

First-line treatments for erectile dysfunction are under-prescribed in patients with prostate cancer, despite favourable clinical outcomes.

SBRT was linked to lower biochemical failure and fewer acute urinary adverse events than HDR brachytherapy in intermediate-risk prostate cancer.

Randomised data show leuprolide is linked to greater 12-month coronary plaque progression than relugolix in men receiving ADT for prostate cancer.

Higher levels of leisure-time physical activity after cancer diagnosis were associated with lower cancer mortality in survivors of several tumour types.

Salvage focal therapy delivers similar 10-year survival to surgery in radiorecurrent prostate cancer, with significantly fewer perioperative complications.

Modified water vapour thermal therapy significantly improved symptoms, urinary flow, and quality of life in men with large-volume BPH, with low complication rates.

Automated urinary incontinence screening in primary care increased diagnoses and pelvic floor therapy referrals among more than 72,000 women in a US quality-improvement study.

A systematic review reveals how gut microbiota changes, inflammation, and intestinal barrier dysfunction may influence benign prostatic hyperplasia development.

A 20-year cohort study shows men with low baseline PSA face minimal prostate cancer risk, supporting personalised screening strategies using PSA and PSA density.

New evidence shows PSA and Ki-67 tumour expression may help predict progression and guide treatment decisions in metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer.

Malabsorptive bariatric surgery shows higher kidney stone risk than restrictive procedures, based on post-operative 24-hour urine chemistry findings.

A multicentre prospective trial shows the artificial urinary sphincter delivers high continence rates, improved quality of life, and a low revision rate in men.

Spending more time outdoors was linked to higher testosterone levels and lower odds of low testosterone in adult men, independent of lifestyle and metabolic factors.

A propensity-weighted study compares micro-ultrasound with MRI fusion biopsy for detecting clinically significant prostate cancer in men with MRI-visible lesions.

Urinary cell-free microRNAs may enable non-invasive detection of aggressive bladder cancer subtypes, offering a rapid alternative to tissue-based molecular profiling.

Early urine output patterns in female ICU patients with genitourinary infections are strongly linked to 28-day mortality and acute kidney injury risk.

A 12-year follow-up study shows urinary symptoms worsen over time after vaginal delivery, but long-term severity and quality-of-life impact are similar with or without OASIS.

PSA derivatives may help reduce unnecessary prostate MRI in men with prior negative biopsy, while maintaining detection of clinically significant cancer.

SGLT2 inhibitors may slow prostate cancer progression in men on hormone therapy, reducing therapy failure. Find out how these diabetes drugs could help.

A new meta-analysis links elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio to higher risk and progression of diabetic nephropathy, highlighting its potential as a clinical biomarker.

Plasma presepsin outperformed traditional biomarkers in predicting 28-day mortality among patients with UTI-related severe infection in emergency care.

A retrospective study identifies clinical, laboratory, and imaging predictors of sepsis and mortality after nephrostomy tube placement in cancer patients.

Baseline eosinophil levels and early blood count changes may help predict survival and response in metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients treated with nivolumab.

A new study identifies APOC1 and NOP16 as potential prostate cancer biomarkers that may improve early diagnosis and complement current PSA testing.

A combined ultrasound and CT model accurately predicts spontaneous stone passage in ureteral stones ≤10 mm, supporting safer conservative management decisions.

Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy was linked to significantly fewer short-term complications than open surgery in a large nationwide French cohort study.

A randomised trial shows transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation reduces catheter-related bladder discomfort and improves early recovery after urologic surgery.

A nasal pressure technique significantly reduces pain during urinary catheterisation, offering a simple, non-pharmacological option for patient comfort in the ED.

A large NHANES analysis shows the red cell distribution width-to-albumin ratio is strongly associated with diabetic kidney disease risk in adults with diabetes.

New research suggests routine blood-based inflammation markers could help predict which men with enlarged prostates are likely to develop more severe symptoms.

Researchers report that yoga and general exercise deliver similar sleep outcomes for women managing urinary incontinence.

A new rapid, low-cost sequencing method delivers four-hour UTI diagnosis with high accuracy, detecting pathogens missed by routine tests and improving antibiotic decision-making.

Escalating antimicrobial resistance has been identified among urology inpatients in a new study from a Turkish tertiary centre, highlighting urgent stewardship needs.

A large Norwegian study shows that higher cardiorespiratory fitness is linked to a significantly lower long-term risk of urinary tract, bladder, and kidney cancers.

A new study highlights oxidative and neuroimmune changes in diabetic urinary incontinence, identifying 4-HNE as a key biomarker differentiating diabetic and non-diabetic cases.

An automated MRI decision aid (ProAI) improves detection of clinically significant prostate cancer, boosting accuracy and cutting radiology workload by 32%.

Sequential therapy shows poorer outcomes in upper tract urothelial carcinoma than bladder cancer, highlighting the need for more effective first-line treatments.

This study reports early outcomes of percutaneous kidney-sparing surgery for upper tract urothelial carcinoma, highlighting feasibility, recurrence rates, and follow-up needs.

Men receiving a penile prosthesis during prostate cancer surgery showed faster sexual recovery and better satisfaction than those treated years later.

Smoking and hysterectomy raise the risk of vaginal mesh erosion after POP surgery, according to a new systematic review and meta-analysis.

Certain cancer drugs, including CDK4/6, EGFR, VEGFR, and BRAF inhibitors, may raise the risk of progressive kidney dysfunction over two years.

Researchers identify ALYREF as a dual-role biomarker in bladder cancer, linked to aggressive disease yet improved immunotherapy response.

Study shows in-office transperineal prostate biopsy under local anaesthesia achieves high diagnostic accuracy without antibiotics.

Remimazolam offers a rapid onset and offset, cardiovascular stability, and organ-independent metabolism, making it especially suitable for older patients.

New research shows no clear link between diet, urinary pH, and recurrent UTIs in postmenopausal women. Learn more about this pilot study’s findings.

Researchers highlight early diagnosis and tumour type differences as key factors improving outcomes in testicular cancer.

IURES 2025 study supports transperineal prostate biopsy under local anaesthesia as a safe, effective diagnostic option.

Researchers at IURES 2025 report seminal vesicle sampling enhances diagnostic accuracy in transperineal prostate biopsies.

A Taiwanese study finds that upper tract urothelial carcinoma patients with a history of urinary stones face worse cancer-specific and disease-free survival after surgery.

Largest real-world study shows ADT + ARPI improves persistence and survival in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer.

A new study finds the DR-70 protein may help detect bladder cancer early and assess disease severity, offering a promising tool for patient care.

New study finds COVID-19 temporarily lowers sperm quality but recovery occurs within months. Learn how infection affects male fertility and recovery timelines.

After eight years, overall survival reached 78.9% in the combination group, compared with 69.5% among those receiving leuprolide alone.

The Mediterranean diet was particularly effective in improving sexual function, likely through enhanced vascular health and reduced systemic inflammation.

Findings revealed a clear correlation between the resected prostate weight and improved voiding function.

A recent clinical study found that TURP + TUIBN improves symptom scores and quality-of-life outcomes in patients with small-volume BPH.

US-RASP has emerged as a promising alternative that maintains sexual function while providing comparable outcomes in urinary symptom relief.

Foley catheter placement sometimes masked symptoms, particularly in female patients, further complicating timely detection.

Financial challenges, comorbidities, and drug interactions may limit access, while systemic inequities contribute to racial and ethnic disparities.

A major European survey finds that one in three people cannot identify cystitis as a bladder infection and that half remain unaware women are most at risk.

The subtrigonal inlay patch buccal mucosal graft (SIP-BMG) technique represents one such advancement.

Several risk factors increase the likelihood of postoperative urinary retention, including general or opioid-based anaesthesia and underlying benign prostatic hyperplasia.

The IMPLEMENT study explored why first-line treatment intensification remains underutilised and how clinicians’ behaviours, beliefs, and environments influence its uptake.

The present study explored whether enhancing sampling density in the TZ could improve cancer detection.

The study found that virtual modalities are effective for the remote delivery of behavioural urinary incontinence treatment for women veterans.

Results revealed that women using the mobile app bladder training programme reported marked improvements in their quality of life, measured through the ICIQ-LUTSqol scale.

Recurrence rates remain a concern, with up to one third of men experiencing disease return within two years.

Recent advances in three-dimensional (3D) culture technology have transformed the way researchers study bladder cancer.

One promising approach targets nectin-4, a cell adhesion molecule linked to poor outcomes in several cancers, including bladder cancer.

A predictive scoring system, incorporating both current and prior PSA values, revealed that patients with persistently elevated levels had a very low likelihood, under 10%, of their PSA decreasing below the threshold at follow-up.

Black men remain underrepresented in large screening trials, and screening rates declined across all groups after the 2012 US Preventive Services Task Force recommendations.

nalysis of the BLADDA urothelial cancer registry demonstrated that neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with reduced risk of invasive bladder cancer recurrence.

Results showed that bpMRI was noninferior to mpMRI for detecting clinically significant prostate cancer, defined as Gleason Grade Group 2 or higher.

By aligning pretreatment risk stratification more closely with AS eligibility, clinicians may feel more confident recommending surveillance, potentially reducing overtreatment.

This study investigated the microbiota of the distal ileum in patients undergoing iRARC without bowel preparation, using direct sampling during ICUD.

Overall, this research offers a practical web-based prediction tool that can support clinicians in tailoring patient follow-up and treatment.

Integrating routine hormone testing with pelvic floor ultrasound assessments could help identify high-risk women early.

The model was subsequently applied to 11,723 examinations in men who had no documented diagnosis of prostate cancer at the time of MRI, with an average patient age of 65.5 years.

With limited early-detection tools and only modest improvements in survival for advanced disease, clinicians urgently need reliable biomarkers to improve prognostication.

Discover a study showing lasting survival gains from treatment intensification in prostate cancer.

Specialists have described the approval as one of the most promising developments in decades for bladder cancer care.

Study finds timing of mirabegron dosing affects symptom relief and emotional outcomes in women with overactive bladder.

The present study assessed the efficacy of sub-anaesthetic esketamine for CRBD prevention in patients undergoing ureteroscopic lithotripsy.

The TALAPRO-2 study enrolled 805 patients from 200 centres across 26 countries, including North America, Europe, Israel, South America, South Africa, and the Asia–Pacific region.

Taken together, the findings suggest that targeted augmentation of cholinergic signalling may help bridge the gap between anatomical de-obstruction and functional recovery in BOO-mediated UAB.

While MRI performance does not appear to depend on testosterone and inter-reader agreement is high, open questions remain, including whether PSMA PET or genomic markers could further refine early detection.

The authors hypothesised that, in women with OAB, the additional sympathetic blockade produced by spinal anaessthesia would further unmask parasympathetic dominance.

Researchers have developed a PSA-based index incorporating MRI measurements of periprostatic fat that significantly improves the prediction of high-grade prostate cancer.

Find out more about the role of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in improving prostate cancer detection.

AI-assisted autocontouring safely outlines organs for prostate radiotherapy, study finds—though manual edits are still needed for the prostate itself.

A major study shows that nearly 1 in 6 men with biopsy Grade Group 1 prostate cancer are at higher risk than previously assumed, with outcomes comparable to intermediate-grade disease.

Despite aggressive interventions, the five-year survival rate remains below 50% for those with localised disease and plummets to less than 15% when metastasis occurs.

Further analysis identified HDAC3 and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) as key players in drug resistance.

The researchers suggest that the success of true auriculotherapy may be due to its influence on bladder control mechanisms, possibly via the vagus nerve.

A growing body of research supports non-pharmacological treatments, particularly exercise, as effective in alleviating primary dysmenorrhea symptoms.

A new study offers an innovative solution inspired by nature: soft dendritic particles (SDPs) that mimic the adhesive properties of gecko feet.

The study concludes that paediatric patients with cannabis use disorder may be at higher risk of developing a range of lower urinary tract symptoms compared to their peers without CUD.

Learn how TCM plus PDE5 inhibitors boosts erectile function in diabetes patients, with no extra side effects reported.

Discover a study revealing how chemotherapy-induced tumour pyroptosis reprograms fibroblasts, promoting chemoresistance in bladder cancer.

A new clinical study has identified a potential link between abnormal urinalysis and somatisation symptoms in female patients with epigastric pain syndrome.

Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is recommended as an initial treatment for post-RP SUI, but traditional home-based approaches often lack long-term adherence.

From an economic perspective, urodynamics added £463 in cost and yielded a modest 0.011 additional quality-adjusted life-years.

Discover a study that reveals a targetable CA125+ cell state in rare bladder cancer subtypes using single-cell RNA sequencing.

Learn how EGF and UMOD levels may predict diabetic kidney disease progression, offering new tools for clinical risk assessment.

Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, representing roughly 75% of cases, remains confined to the bladder lining and submucosa, often recurring but rarely advancing.

Patients treated on the entire prostate or surgical bed had better DMFS compared to those treated only on the relapse site.

Results showed that US overestimated bladder volumes compared to CBCT, with an average deviation of 60.75 ml.