Urinary Incontinence, Depression, and Psychosocial Factors – A Review of Population Studies

The psychological effects of urinary incontinence, such as psychological distress, depression, and anxiety are well recognised. Associations between incontinence, quality of life, and mental health have been demonstrated; however, research concerning incontinence and depression together, and the subsequent impact on health, quality of life, help-seeking, and other psychosocial factors, is limited. Examining associations between incontinence and psychosocial and mental health may provide an opportunity to address this health problem in a different way. A comprehensive review of the literature with regard to population studies in the area of urinary incontinence, psychosocial issues, and depression, as well as the interplay between these three concepts is presented, and the absence of research in this area is highlighted.